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Transit police (also known as transport police, railway police, railroad police and several other terms) are specialized agencies employed either by a , such as a , , , , or another provider or , , district, or state.

Transit law enforcement services may also be provided by a specialized unit within a larger local law enforcement agency. Their mandate is generally to prevent and investigate all committed against the carrier or its passengers and crime incidentally committed on or around the carrier's property.

Type
Autonomous agencies
A transit police force may consist of officers employed directly by a transit system or by a government agency dedicated to providing specialized law enforcement services. There are numerous instances of both within , given the decentralized nature of US law enforcement; examples of larger, stand-alone agencies within the US include the , BART Police, and the New Jersey Transit Police Department. In the , transit law enforcement is provided by a single, nation-wide agency, the British Transport Police, although other law enforcement agencies may assist with this task. Within , many transit policing services are conducted by the Government Railway Police.

Specialized units of local law enforcement agencies
Other forces may exist as a specialized unit of a local law enforcement agency, such as the United States' Transit Police Services Bureau of the Orange County, California Sheriff's Department (which serves the Orange County Transportation Authority) or the Transit Enforcement Unit of the Phoenix Police Department (assigned to the Phoenix Public Transit Department). Some formerly independent transit police agencies have also been absorbed into (or had their duties assumed by) a larger, local law enforcement agency; Examples include the LACMTA Police's duties being assumed by the Transit Services Division and the New York City Transit Police being amalgamated into the NYPD Transit Bureau.

Railroad police
Where the term "transit police" is used for a law enforcement agency or unit working for a railroad/railway, it usually refers to a railroad providing urban (such as a city-elevated system or ) as opposed to long-distance rail carriage.

Law enforcement agencies of both cargo railroads and long-haul rail carriers are usually referred to as "" or "railway police". There is often considerable overlap in transit police and railroad police agencies’ duties. Railroad police agencies, however, have a long history, and were established separate from and prior to most modern transit police agencies. Transit police and railroad police powers may also be legally defined separately; For example, in the United States, many states have separate laws concerning both types of agencies.

However, in modern times, with increasing overlap in duties and the proliferation of extensive mass transit systems, some jurisdictions have opted for a hybrid model of railroad and transit policing. For instance, in the , most of the rail systems, including the London Underground, are policed by the British Transport Police (BTP). The BTP is a full-service, national law enforcement agency, which essentially combined the duties of dozens of now-defunct transit and railway police agencies into a single entity (the BTP has no authority in , except in emergencies).

Powers
Some transit police forces have full policing powers, such as the US' BART Police, 's Transit Police, Metro Transit Police Department, Utah Transit Authority Police Department or the . The UK's British Transport Police, also has full police powers within . In some areas, transit police agencies have limited or specific powers, and may be classed as or special constables, or peace officers with limited powers, such as 's Transit Peace Officers. Regardless, transit police services nearly always hold more authority than un-sworn, security guard-only services.

Crimes
Some of the crimes transit police and railroad police investigate include on the right-of-way of a railroad, against passengers, tagging of on railroad and or , , ticket , and theft of personal belongings, or , and drug dealing at transit stations. They may also engage in random ticket checking hoping to catch and fine ticketless travelers. These controls are usually more frequent in transit systems using an .

Jurisdiction and authority
In like the , , or , federal and state statutes determine the jurisdiction and authority of all police departments, including transit police.

Most transit police services have the same police authority as any other national, state and local police agencies, such as the MBTA Transit Police Department, MARTA (Atlanta) Transit Police, British Transport Police, New Jersey Transit Police Department, BART Police, Maryland Transit Administration Police, DART Police, , Utah Transit Authority Police Department, and the Metro Vancouver Transit Police (South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority Police Service). Some agencies have rather extensive jurisdictions, including traffic enforcement and arrest powers on and off property, for example, the New Jersey Transit Police Department maintains the distinction of being the only transit police agency in the United States with statewide authority.

List of specialised transit/transport police agencies and departments
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New South Wales
  • Commuter Crime Unit, New South Wales Police Force
  • New South Wales Police Force Police Transport & Public Safety Command as of 2013.
  • Transit Officers, Closed down as of October 2013.

Queensland

  • Railway Squad, Queensland Police
  • Authorised Officers,
  • Translink Senior Network Officers, Translink
  • Customer Service Officers,
  • Translink Network Officers employed by Bus Operator companies under contract to Translink (Queensland)

South Australia

  • Transit Services Branch, South Australia Police (all public transport in ). Private security also maintain a presence, especially during peak hours or events.

Victoria

  • Transit Safety Division, members and Protective Services Officers (predominantly operate in )
  • Authorised Officers employed by Public Transport operator companies and by Public Transport Victoria (PTV).

Western Australia

  • Police Rail Unit, Western Australia Police (operating in Perth)
  • Transit Officers, Public Transport Authority of Western Australia

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Police services
There are two transit police agencies in Canada: the Metro Vancouver Transit Police, a provincially-regulated "designated policing unit" within TransLink, the transit authority for the Metro Vancouver Regional District in ; and the Via Rail Police Service, a federally-regulated railway police force operated by , the provider of intercity rail service for all of Canada. There are also two other federally-regulated railway police services serving the country's two largest freight railways, the Canadian National Railway and Canadian Pacific Kansas City.

Special constabularies
In , , , and , large transit systems maintain special constabularies, a type of unarmed police force, to provide safety and law enforcement services on transit property. These agencies have authority over transit by-laws and provincial legislation; the Criminal Code of Canada in Ontario and Quebec; and their officers variously have the ability to use emergency vehicles with sirens (in Alberta, parts of Ontario, and Quebec) and carry a baton, handcuffs, and pepper spray or gel (in all four provinces).

List of transit special constabularies in Canada
  • Calgary Transit Public Safety and Enforcement Section
  • Edmonton Transit Protective Services
  • GO Transit Customer Protective Services
  • Société de Transport de Montréal Sûreté des réseaux
  • Toronto Transit Commission Transit Enforcement Unit
  • York Region Transit Enforcement and Security

People's Republic of China
Cities in China which have systems all have their transit police force associated to the local public security bureau. There are no non-governmental police forces, or police institutes under transit authority. used to have a police force under the Ministry of Railways, but such authority has since been transferred to local police agencies.

However, the structure of institutions can be vary from city to city. For example, cities like and might have a joint public transportation force of division level, operates on all the taxis, bus routes, coaches, rapid transit and ferry lines as well as transportation hubs inside city limit; while and Xi'an have tighter transit cop brigades focused exclusively on protecting the mass transit lines. Again, all these agencies are supervised by the PSBs of higher level.

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  • Railway District, Hong Kong Police Force

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  • (Police Nationale) - operates on Paris' suburban trains, and metro
  • Service National de Police Ferroviaire (Police Nationale-Direction Centrale de la Police aux Frontières) - operates on mainline trains
  • Service Interdépartemental de Sécurité dans les Transports en Commun (SISTC) - Police Nationale - Direction Centrale de la Sécurité Publique
  • Surveillance Générale (Suge) - operates on railways. This private service, run by the SNCF, has restricted police powers
  • Groupe de Protection et de Sécurisation des Réseaux (GPSR) - operates on RATP railways. This private service, run by the RATP, has restricted police powers
  • Police des Transports de l'Agglo Orléans Val de Loire - operates on bus, tram and train service in the Orléans Métropole

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  • Railway Protection Force (RPF)

The Railway Protection Force is a security force, established by the Railway Protection Force Act, 1957 ; enacted by the Parliament of India for "the better protection and security of ". The force is under the authority of the Ministry of Railways.

It has the power to search, arrest, investigate and prosecute, though the ultimate power rests in the hands of the Government Railway Police.

  • Commando for Railway Security (CORAS)
  • Government Railway Police (GRP)

The Government Railway Police (: Sarakārī Rēlvē Pulīs), abbreviated as GRP, is the police force of the respective state governments, tasked with policing on railways and their premises. It operates under the respective state police forces. It was established by the Railways Act, 1989, of the Parliament of India. Its duties correspond to those of the District Police in the areas under their jurisdiction, such as and prevention and detection of crimes but only on railway property. It is the parent agency of the Railway Protection Force (RPF), and aids and provides assistance to it, whose primary duties are to protect and secure all railway property.

The GRP's responsibility is to observe law and order on all railway property. Officers are recruited from the Indian Police Service (IPS) and State Police Services (SPS). The force is under control of the police departments of the various State Police Services (SPS) in liaison with Ministry of Railways.

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  • Railway Police ( Polizia Ferroviaria), Polizia di Stato

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  • Port Police (Ostas Policija)

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Railway police
  • Railway Police Service ( Unit insfrastructuur, dienst spoor), Dutch National Police ( Landelijke Politie eenheid)

Transit enforcement
  • In The Netherlands, all public transport companies providing public service have their own enforcement officers, these officers often have the BOA status (special investigation officer) and limited police powers (use of force, arrest and use of handcuffs) the main task of these officers is fare enforcement and securing the safety of the public and employees within the transport vehicles.
  • The city of Amsterdam, is the only municipality in the Netherlands which operates its own transit enforcement department. The "Veiligheidsteam openbaar vervoer" (Safety team public transport) cooperates with the Amsterdam police in maintaining public order within the public transport, stations an hubs within the city limits, prevent or stop crimes, public assistance, issuing transit information and spotting suspicious behavior. Their uniforms are similar to that of police officers (police style hat, yellow high-visibility jacket and trousers with side striping; the only difference with the uniform of a police officer is that the trouser and hat color are dark grey whereas the police uses navy blue. These enforcement officers are employed by the city, whereas the police officers are employed by the national police. Enforcement officers are equipped with handcuffs and a short police baton and have limited police powers like the use of force, making arrests, detaining people and issuing fines. The city of Amsterdam is currently looking into the possibility to equip the officers with a can of pepperspray; this will probably be in mid 2014.

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Railway Security Guard : Armed security forces protecting railway system in Poland

Russian Federation
Main Directorate of the Transport of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. (Главное Управление на Транспорте Министерства Внутренних Дел.)

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  • Public Transport Security Command, Singapore Police Force

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Swedish Police Authority – Stockholm Public Transport Police

Public Safety Officers (Swedish: ) currently serve as the public transport police force in Sweden. An ordningsvakt is a law enforcement officer appointed and authorized by the Swedish Police Authority to assist in maintaining public order. Their primary role is to support police efforts in ensuring safety and order in public spaces such as transport hubs, trains, buses, boats, and stations.

Uniform

These officers wear a uniform that is distinct but similar in appearance to that of the Swedish Police, including blue-grey clothing and visible patches marked “ORDNINGSVAKT.” This design helps them to be easily recognised by the public while still maintaining a distinction from full police officers. The overall design is intentional: it closely resembles the Swedish Police uniform in both style and colour, which helps reinforce their law enforcement role in the eyes of the public. However, the distinct “ORDNINGSVAKT” labels make it clear that they are not full police officers, but are operating under delegated authority.

Authority and Powers of an Ordningsvakt

Ordningsvakter have limited police powers and are authorized to:

  • Use force when necessary to maintain public order, in accordance with the Police Act (Polislagen) and Swedish Penal Code
  • Detain individuals who disturb the peace or are suspected of committing crimes, until police arrive
  • Remove individuals from premises or public areas if they pose a disturbance or threaten public safety
  • Conduct limited searches (kroppsvisitation) of individuals and belongings, typically for safety or identity verification purposes
  • Seize alcoholic beverages from individuals who are intoxicated or consuming alcohol in prohibited areas
  • Use handcuffs when restraining individuals during detention or removal
  • Assist police with arrests, and perform citizen’s arrests (envarsgripande) when legally appropriate
  • Transport detained individuals under police authority, provided they have received additional training
In certain cases, and with specific approval, they may also be permitted to carry firearms or work with police dogs.

Ordningsvakter work in close collaboration with the Swedish Police, particularly in environments where maintaining public safety and preventing disorder is a priority—such as the public transport network in Stockholm.

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  • National Police Agency, Railway Police: Railway Police Bureau, MRT Police Taipei City Police Department Rapid Transit Division, Kaohsiung City Police Department Rapid Transit Division

[[United Kingdom/" itemprop="url" title="Wiki: united_kingdom"> <hr class="us2411627114"> <span class="us3003804241 us1353177739">[[United Kingdom">united_kingdom">
[[United Kingdom
  • British Transport Police (national railways in Great Britain, the London Underground, Docklands Light Railway, West Midlands Metro, , Tyne and Wear Metro - Sunderland extension, )
  • Belfast Harbour Police — , : HDPCA incorporated by section 5 of the Belfast Harbour Act 1847.section 5, Belfast Harbour Act 1847.
  • Port of Bristol Police — Port of Bristol, . Includes , , Royal Portbury Dock, , and 3 islands in the : , , .
  • Port of Felixstowe Police — Port of Felixstowe, : HDPCA incorporated by section 3(1)(e) of the Felixstowe Dock and Railway Act 1956.
  • Port of Portland Police — , Isle of Portland: HDPCA incorporated by section 3 of the Portland Harbour Revision Order 1997.
  • Falmouth Docks Police — , Falmouth, Cornwall: HDPCA incorporated by section 3 of the Falmouth Docks Act 1959.section 3(d), Falmouth Docks Act 1959.
  • Port of Dover Police — Port of Dover, : HDPCA incorporated by section 3 of the Dover Harbour Consolidation Act 1954, and incorporation amended by part 4 of the Dover Harbour Revision Order 2006. Given the large amount of property owned by the port, their jurisdiction effectively extends to all of Dover and now throughout Kent in order to be able to take arrested persons to Custody Suites.
  • Port of Liverpool Police — Port of Liverpool, : current authority derives from article 3 of the Mersey Docks and Harbour (Police) Order 1975. Port of Liverpool police officers are Crown police officers and not special constables.
  • Port of Tilbury Police (formerly the Port of London Authority Police) — Port of Tilbury, : current authority derives from section 154 of the Port of London Act 1968
  • Tees and Hartlepool Port Authority Harbour Police — Tees and : current authority derives from section 103 of the Tees and Hartlepool Port Authority Act 1966
  • Roads and Transport Policing Command Safer Transport Teams, Metropolitan Police – Transport for London buses, bus stations/interchanges, taxis and roads.
  • Metro Unit, Northumbria Police
  • Metrolink Unit, Greater Manchester Police
  • Belfast International Airport Constabulary – attested under article 19(3) of the Airports (Northern Ireland) Order 1994 as constables for the airport, which employs them.
  • Mersey Tunnels Police – attested under section 105 of the County of Merseyside Act 1980 (c. x) as constables in and around the tunnels.

  • BART Police
  • BNSF Police Department
  • Burbank-Glendale-Pasadena Airport Authority Police
  • Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) Police Department
  • Delaware River and Bay Authority Police Department
  • Delaware River Port Authority Police Department
  • Greater Cleveland Transit Police Department
  • Long Beach Harbor Patrol
  • Los Angeles Airport Police
  • Los Angeles Port Police
  • Maryland Transit Administration Police
  • Maryland Transportation Authority Police
  • Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) Transit Police Department
  • Metra Police Department (Chicago)
  • Metro Transit Police Department, King County Sheriff's Office
  • MetroLink Unit, St. Louis County Police Department
  • Airport Police Division, St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department
  • Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) Police Department
  • Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County (METRO) Transit Police Department
  • Metro Transit - Minnesota Police Department
  • Metro Transit Police (Akron, Ohio)
  • Napa Valley Railroad Police Department
  • New Jersey Transit Police Department
  • New York City Police Department Transit Bureau (New York City Subway)
  • New York City Transit Police - (Merged into the NYPD in 1995)
  • New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority Police
  • New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway Police Department
  • Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority Transit Police Department
  • Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District Transit Police Department (South Shore Line)
  • OCTA-Transit Police Services Bureau, Orange County Sheriff's Department
  • Port Authority of Allegheny County Police Department
  • Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Police Department (responsible for PATH)
  • Port of Portland Police Department (Oregon)
  • Public Transportation Section, Chicago Police Department
  • Transit Services Bureau, Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department
  • Union Pacific Police Department
  • Utah Transit Authority Police Department

See also
  • 1995 Paris Métro and RER bombings
  • 2004 Madrid train bombings
  • 7 July 2005 London bombings
  • 21 July 2005 London bombings
  • 2006 Mumbai train bombings
  • 2006 Madrid-Barajas Airport bombing
  • 2007 Samjhauta Express bombings
  • Public transport security
  • Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway
  • Security on the Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)
  • September 11 attacks

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